PART II
Transitional Sleep Therapy

12.PROFESSIONAL APPLICATIONS OF TRANSITIONAL SLEEP

It is our wish to cooperate fully with all groups and for this reason this section is directed in part to them. Anticipating that more and more practitioners will be using sleep tapes, we be­lieve professional understanding of transitional sleep and its therapeutic value is most important.

Therefore we invited distinguished representatives of various professions to bring transitional sleep and its therapeutic pos­sibilities to the attention of their fellow practitioners. We are deeply impressed by their reports and feel that publication of this material will add much to the professional use of transi­tional sleep.

The authors of the following reports live in widely separated sections of the country; they are not acquainted with each other and are not in any way affiliated with the writer or the Arts and Science Research Foundation.

STRESS AND TENSION by Theodore Maday, M.D.

As man evolved through the ages from his first appearance on this planet, he evolved in common with other animals a brain and central nervous system adequate enough to take care of his needs in regard to keeping him and his family alive and for his defense against others. As he arose and began to walk, his brain evolved to one comparable to that of the anthropoid ape, but then he only had a brain consisting of the thalamus, or lower brain. He could think, but he thought like an animal thinks. He could store visual scenes from direct experiences and could remember and abstract his meanings from them. But the animal's ability to abstract is rather limited. The very smartest animal cannot abstract as far as the stupidest man. Whereas the animal can abstract, see and hear, and use its other senses, and can store these abstractions for later use, it has no great power of communication with fellow animals. Also it has no way of setting abstractions in any symbolic form.

Dr. Theodore Maday received his B.S. degree from Loyola Uni­versity School of Medicine, Chicago, and his M.D. degree from the same school. His internship was served at the Alexian Broth­ers Hospital in Chicago, his seminar training in General Semantics under the late Count Alfred Korzybski, in Chicago..

Man's environment and increase in numbers began to puzzle him, and in order to try to interpret his spreading environment, be began to develop an upper brain, or the gray matter, with more complex abstractions. As he developed his cortex and gray matter, man invented or developed language, something no other animal has done, through the use of a superior mind in that gray matter. Through language and then writing, which developed eons later, he could use symbols, and from the use of either it is possible to transmit from one mind to another.

Besides developing his conscious mind, man has developed a subconscious (and other minds that we are still unaware of at present) through the evolution of his gray matter, which, of course, is still evolving. The gray matter and its higher minds became more and more complex, and today, instead of assisting the relatively simple thalamus below, it causes man more confu­sion in the interpretation of his man-made environment. Instead of becoming more spiritual and god-like, he seems to be regress­ing to the savage animal, but with the finesse of sadistic thought. Perhaps his gray matter is as yet too thin to make him fully civilized. At any rate, instead of elevation to higher planes he is more confused.

With rapid communication and the intricacies of language, there is much distortion of facts, and man has become accus­tomed to jumping at conclusions false to facts. He has a living to make, a family to support, and a future to plan for them and himself. This is peculiar to man only, as no animal provides for more than the succeeding generation. A part of time binding, we can call it.
Man is bombarded by millions of words that are calculated to—and do—add to his confusion. Because of his uncertainties and false interpretations of facts, it is no wonder that he de­velops stress and then tensions. Disease states today have their foundation on stress, of which more can be learned by reading Dr. Hans Selye's book Stress.

Stress develops into the more insiduous tensions, which gradually fade into psychosomatic symptoms just as real as any organic illness. These are not as pathetic as the mental disorders rising in alarming numbers, due to conditions fancied or real, because of breakdown and inability to cope with facts. Many of these reach into weaknesses of childhood and mental in­stabilities.

The basis of the above states are words, written or heard, that are not interpreted correctly because of the diabolic forces that can manipulate for their evil ends a grossly inadequate picture by long-time and patient planning. Masters of the use of words in the past were the Caesars, the Hitlers, the Mussolinis and their evil ilk. Today, we have their modern counterparts, the more evil madmen who manipulate millions of stupid sheep willing to do their bidding because of force and words, until these sheep realize how they have been stupefied by empty promises, but not until additional millions have died and all the beauties of life have been destroyed or shaken, even to their religion and their love of God.

Until the day when every man (Biblical) can sit under his fig tree and be unafraid, until every sword is beaten into a plowshare, and until our leaders and we can come to sanity, we will have stress and tension. As long as we believe in the ma­terialistic and not the spiritual values of life, stress and tension will remain.

The conditions spoken of above are what affect us in the conscious mind, and because they are misinterpreted they seep down into our thalamus and then affect our whole body. These various psychosomatic states, manifesting in increased tensions such as high blood pressure, digestive disturbances, irregularities of the heart, insomnia and various other disturbances, are taken to medical men. After incomplete examination they are labeled wrongly and medication administered for the label, but the rest of the patient is disregarded as if the label were not part of the whole human being.
Although a tremendous amount of disease is being treated all over the country in various excellent clinics, we have by far a larger percentage of conditions of a less serious nature, and truly psychosomatic, being treated in the offices of phy­sicians. Most of these are rarely hospitalized unless, in the course of time, a serious physical ailment develops.

Most of these conditions can be relieved by a psychological approach, sedation, correction of diet, and by common sense. Others, farther gone, need psychiatry and more insight into their stresses and tensions.

The subconscious mind, being the great center of positive suggestion, is at present hardly understood as an indirect ap­proach to psychosomatic illness. Those with common sense can readily and intelligently understand that their stresses and ten­sions are not of organic origin, and that they can be helped by an approach through the subconscious mind. These are the ones we can benefit greatly through transitional-sleep methods.

In the subconscious mind we have a wonderful avenue by which to investigate and suggest for man's lesser ills and often grave ones, too. It also is the key to the other minds man must have, to which we medical men must appeal.

I have known of great beneficial results being positively obtained in selected cases from tension-tape recordings, insom­nia tapes, smoking and other private recordings so marked that one wonders why drugs were found useful before. The pos­sibilities of this suggestion therapy and education have only been scratched, as in language learning and persons apparently slow of learning, but treatment of tensions has had a beginning that warrants eager investigation of the possibilities of reaching organic states as well.

THE ROLE OF THE TAPE RECORDER IN SUBJECT CONDITIONING by Albert E. Clark, Lay Analyst
Much has been written about the disastrous results of un­controlled tension. People are told to relax and let go and they will enjoy longer lives and a more abundant existence. However, "modern research in hypnotherapy has shown that tension is the key to success." ' Look at those who have reached the top. They have pushed forward in high gear, and some of them have reached their goals only to succumb to various of the stress diseases which resulted from uncontrolled tension.

Top athletes have gotten there because they were able to release a large amount of energy when it was needed. The dynamic speaker with all his histrionic ability is able to channel his energy constructively and then relax after his performance. The tension that can explode into dynamic action when needed and remain in reserve when not needed should be called con­trolled tension.

1 S. J. Van Pelt, "Hypnotherapy and Controlled Tension," The British Journal of Medical Hypnotism, Summer 1960, Vol. 2, No. 4.

Dr. Albert E. Clark is a lay psychoanalyst with eighteen years of experience in clinical work. He is now engaged exclusively in research, writing, and lecturing to both medical and lay groups. He has been associated with various groups in the field of hyp­nosis, having acted as chairman for the National Certification Board of the Association for the Advancement of Ethical Hyp­nosis. He is author of "Autohypnosis in Tension Level Reduc­tion," "Autohypnosis in the Teaching of Speech and the Cor­rection  of Study  Habits,"  and   "Extra-auditory  Perception."

Environment plays an important part in the well-being or lack of it in our day-to-day activities. It is sometimes difficult or impossible to alter our environment, but we can alter our at­titude toward it so that we can control our environment instead of permitting it to control us.

Environment in the home, office, or shop acts as suggestion upon the subconscious mind, especially if the attitude toward it is charged with emotion. If it is positive, a very happy situation is likely to result, but if it is negative, the opposite may be expected. Then we begin to develop negative attitudes toward the environment which interferes with the free expression of native potential. Tension builds up and the recognition of this tension is followed by anxiety which increases the tension until it becomes a vicious circle. Its action on the autonomic nervous system frequently produces psychosomatic disorders, and an inability to work effectively.

Controlled tension, on the other hand, can correct many of these conditions by channeling the subject's energy along right lines, thus breaking through the vicious circle.

The Role of Relaxation in Controlled Tension.—The person under consistent stress and tension is in need of help. In many instances, especially when the condition has lasted over a long period of time, psychiatric aid is indicated, but in many others the individual can be taught to help himself.

It is important that relaxation be employed to break the vicious circle, but by itself this is not sufficient to achieve the desired results. Negative thinking and abnormal attitudes as well as other things must be discovered and corrected, and the ten­sion must be directed into the proper channels. This can be done by scientific suggestion in conjunction with hypnosis, tran­sitional sleep,2 or autoconditioning, all of which employ the deeply relaxed state commonly known as hypnosis.

Hypnosis and Relaxation.—Much has been done in the field of experimental hypnosis to achieve relaxation and to implant within the subconscious mind of the subject the correct mental pictures, so that he can see things as they should be.

A state of deep relaxation induced by suggestion by the operator, or even by a tape recording, has proved to be of benefit in achieving a state of mind which is subject to receiving sug­gestions. Even though it has been claimed by some authorities that hypnosis is an interpersonal relationship, it has also been determined that the voice on the recorded tape can produce desirable results.

Contrary to the general belief of many of the uninitiated, hypnosis is not a state of unconsciousness or a state where one individual is under the control of another. It is the transition from a state of conscious, critical alertness, to an ever-increasing state of complete relaxation, where the subject chooses to be­come drowsy, deeply relaxed, and finally completely indifferent, even to what is being said by the hypnotist or the tape record­ing. This transitional phenomena has been called "transitional sleep," but unlike nocturnal sleep, rapport with the operator, or tape recording, is maintained as suggestions are fed to the subconscious mind.

2 Rex DeLaney & G. P. Williams,  Transitional Sleep Education, The Arts and Science Research Foundation, Coral Gables, Fla.,  1957.

In this induced state, the conscious critical mind has receded and the subconscious mind is completely receptive to the sug­gestions given to it as long as these suggestions are as ethically acceptable as they would be in the normal state of alertness.

Preparation for Induction and Actual Induction.—It is always well to prepare the subject for the cooperation that is expected of him. This is done as follows:

1. Describe to the subject just how he is supposed to feel, giving a word picture of the signs, or symptoms, of the approaching state of deep relaxation.
2. Describe to the subject how he is beginning to feel, then how he actually is feeling in the present tense.
3. Now the quiet, monotonous tone of voice becomes more emphatic, with suggestions that the subject is in a state of great indifference, which is now rapidly changing to a state of complete indifference, and sinking deeper and deeper into this state of indifference.

Tins complete passivity and indifference becomes hypnosis as the operator or the tape recording takes over and gives the sug­gestions that are received by the subconscious mind.

Decree ok Deep Relaxation or Trance.—Various depth scales have been devised to determine the depth of hypnosis, but for our purpose we will use a simplified scale to determine the stages the subject has reached.

It has been determined by Wolberg3 that "much can be accomplished with a relatively low depth of hypnosis." It will therefore be of interest to the reader to understand the sim­plified six stages of trance.

In all stages of trance the subject is conscious of everything going on, but has agreed to play the "role" of relaxation up to the stage of complete indifference and forgetfulness. Therefore, we will divide the six stages into two general parts. In the first three stages the subject is conscious and upon awakening re­members everything. In the second three stages the subject is still conscious, but if the proper suggestions are given will de­velop amnesia for the events of the trance. It will be like awaken­ing from sleep with the vivid memory of a dream, and yet completely lacking the ability to recall the events of the dream.
It has been determined that even with the use of tape record­ings the subject, if he is willing to cooperate effortlessly, can reach even the deepest stage of trance. However, we repeat, much benefit can be derived through suggestions in the lighter stages.

Hypnotic Phenomena for Each Stage.4

Stage 1    Drowsiness. Relaxed state, or hypnoidal stage. There can be very simple muscular control.
Stage 2    Light sleep. From a relaxed state to a state of deep re-
Stage 3 Sleep. From deep relaxation to a state of great indifference.
Stage 4 Deep sleep. From the state of great indifference of the third stage, the subject passes into the amnesic stage.

Although he hears what is said to him, there is such complete indifference that he pays little conscious at­tention to it.

Stage 5 Somnambulism. This is a deep stage of hypnosis, used in medicine for the production of anesthesia, in which the subject not only feels no pain, but experiences no sensation to touch. It is also used in psychotherapy for hypnoanalysis.

Stage 6 Profound Somnambulism. In addition to the above tests, the subject is in the most desirable stage of hypnosis for the investigation of age regression, ESP, and mem­ory recall.

There seems to be a general interest in what is called hyper-amnesia and defined as (a) recalling incidents consciously for­gotten and occurring in the 3d and 4th stages; (b) age regres­sion, which is the recall and revivification of past events buried in the unconscious and occurring in the 5th and 6th stages; and (c) feats of memorizing and the development of the so-called photographic memory, occurring in the 5th and 6th stages with certain subjects who would seem already to have this poten­tiality.

Posthypnotic Suggestion.—Most important of all, however, is the ability to carry out the posthypnotic suggestion. This ability begins in the second stage of deep relaxation, which bears out the conclusions that the lighter stages of trance, or relaxation, are very effective in many forms of self-help that are desirable to the subject and yet do not constitute therapy or psychotherapy.

A posthypnotic suggestion is one given to the subject while he is in the deeply relaxed state called hypnosis, but which is to be carried out by the subject after a return to the normal state of alertness. These suggestions may involve practically any aspect of the subject's life, which would include his beliefs and attitudes as well as his overt behavior. Hart5 demonstrated in his experiments at Duke University that attitudes could definitely be altered through a form of self-hypnosis that he calls auto-conditioning. The validity of any experiment is naturally deter­mined by the ability of the workers to measure objectively the results of the experiments. The perfection of the "mood-meter" at Duke University offered a device that could be used by the individual for personal scoring of his own mood fluctuations. Dr. Hart claims that "it has been found that whether a person is joyful or miserable depends on the attitudes he takes . . . and that changes could actually be achieved by autocondi-tioning."

3' L. R. Wolberg, Medical Hypnosis, Vol. 1, New York, Grune & Strat-ton, 1948.

4 A. E. Clark, "Fundamentals of Medical Hypnosis, a Textbook for Medical Students." Unpublished manuscript, Lexington, Kentucky, 1960. laxation. Response to posthypnotic suggestion begins in this stage.

5 Hornell Hart, Autoconditioning: The New Way to a Successful Life, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1956.

In an extension of the work done by Hart at Duke, this writer has conducted experiments with a heterohypnotically fortified form of autoconditioning.6 "This system of training was designed to help the students conduct their personal and busi­ness activities in a more effective and productive manner by learning to overcome their tensions and gain the self-confidence which is so necessary for successfully dealing with the daily problems of competitive living."

The Role of Motivation in Posthypnotic Suggestion.— It is important for the individual to realize that the goal in sug­gestion and posthypnotic suggestion is to secure control over his own behavior, to find an aid to help alter undesirable at­titudes, and to become selfdependent. However, to accomplish this we must examine the motivational factor to determine if the individual really does wish to effect a change.

There are instances where the subject verbalizes the desire to stop smoking or to break some other undesirable habit, when actually the desire to break the habit is really not founded on any very compelling motivation. In these instances, where there is no strong motivation, posthypnotic suggestion will have very little if any effect except in the deeper stages of trance. However, in these instances the strong posthypnotic suggestion can set up a conflict that may cause some difficulty. It would therefore be necessary, in cases where a habit has become harmful to a person's health, and there is no strong motivation to get rid of it, to resort to psychotherapy, as the Habit would seem to be a symptom of some underlying difficulty.

It would seem that some subjects find it much easier to respond to tape recorded suggestions for relaxation as a system of conditioning than to find themselves exposed to an interper­sonal relationship. Especially with strongly motivated individ­uals, this procedure has been found to be effective.

Patient Conditioning in the Medical and Dental Of­fices.—Many physicians and dentists have taken courses and attended seminars in hypnosis and then failed to use their knowl­edge in the routine of office practice. The general complaint is that they do not have time for the conditioning of patients. Jacoby 7 reported that "the use of a recorded patient-conditioner is an excellent adjunct to the techniques already employed in medical-dental work for those who are reticent to work with a subject or patient in his first 'conditioning' appointment." He claims that the standardized procedures that he has worked out have been amazingly successful for the great majority of patients.

6 A.  E. Clark, "Autohypnosis  in Tension Level  Reduction," Hypnosis Quarterly, Vol. 5, No.3

7 James D. Jacoby, "Clinical Applications of Suggestion and Hypnosis," ed. by William T. Heron, Chap. XII, Charles C Thomas, Springfield, 111., 1950.
On an experimental basis, this writer has prepared taped scripts for use by physicians to correct problems, and to be applied to such conditions as obesity, insomnia, dermatology and other physical problems that might be of some mild psy­chosomatic nature, and that have failed to respond to the usual physical or chemical treatment. These tape recordings have proved to be highly successful and should result in standard procedure in the medical and dental office.

The tape recording for the conditioning in obstetrics and other specialities using self-induced anesthesia has proved to be quite helpful for the doctor who feels the need for a time-saving standardized procedure.

The relaxation conditioning for the dental office has proved satisfactory in the alleviation of fear and apprehension, control of the gag reflex, adjustment to wearing dental appliances, and many other problems that the dentist has to cope with in office practice.

Specialized Applications for Conditioning Tapes.—Sug­gestion is universal. It is encountered in all environments. Even the suggestion offered to the subject in a deeply relaxed state can be no more harmful to him than the one that he experiences in his everyday environment. Erickson 8 concludes, after exten­sive investigation, "that hypnosis cannot be used to induce hyp­notized persons to commit actual wrongful acts either against themselves or others." However, when applied as a medical technique, it would certainly be limited to the scope of knowl­edge of the individual specialist.

In addition to the standard tape recorded procedure for con­ditioning, additional tapes have been tested for a more spe­cialized application. Suggestions are recorded for the induction of a more profound state of relaxation and complete indifference, which is necessary in conditioning for anesthesia. Although there are some refractory subjects who require a more interpersonal relationship than that offered by a tape recording, a sufficient number have responded to induced relaxation, and even deeper relaxation, when it was required to justify the standard use of tape recordings in medical and dental practice.

Some of the specialized applications that have responded satisfactorily are the following:    

1. In medicine generally: obesity, frigidity', impotence, cancer
pain, phantom-limb pain, bedwetting, nail biting, excessive
smoking, neurodermatitis, hypertension, low back pain, urological

8 M. H. Erickson, "An Experimental Investigation of the Possible Anti­social Use of Hypnosis," Psychiatry, 2:391, 1939.

disorders, gynecology, proctology, and pediatrics.

2. In obstetrics: methods of conditioning for childbirth, problems of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.
3. In  surgery:  methods  of  maintaining  analgesia,   combining hypnosis with chemical anesthesia, postoperative nausea, etc.
4. In dentistry: alleviation  of fear and apprehension,  dental hypnoanesthesia,  control of bleeding and  salivation,  post­operative healing, adjustment to wearing of dentures and the control of the gag-reflex.
5. In psychotherapy and hypnoanalysis: time-saving method of orienting the patient for the relaxed state necessary for the interpersonal psychotherapeutic relationship, and laying the foundation for deepening the trance by the pyramiding of suggestions.
6. In self-hypnosis: The patient is taught that he can help him­self in many ways, such as tension-level reduction.

In conclusion, it would seem practical to assume that a tape-recorded means of communication with a properly conditioned and properly motivated subject would be equally effective as well as time-saving as the interpersonal relationship of hetero-hypnosis, especially in conditioning and other specialized tech­niques used by the physician or dentist. Continued and more extensive testing in this area would certainly be indicated.

CHIROPRACTIC AND TRANSITIONAL SLEEP by J. Ward Reister, D.C.

Induced Relaxation by Recorded Suggestion. This is a practical and timely answer to a growing social problem. Nervous tension, with its insidious qualities and delayed-action effects, is robbing people of their natural ability to relax. While this problem isn't new its effects are rapidly spreading, and today we hear the salient points of the tension problem being debated by lay and professional people alike. Pill and drug advertisers have had a heyday competing for the millions spent each year for nervous-tension relief.

J. Ward Reister, D.C., is a practicing chiropractor with eleven years' experience. His training includes premedical courses at the University of Kentucky and the University of Missouri. He at­tended Lincoln Chiropractic College at Indianapolis, Indiana, for four years, where he received his D.C. degree. Dr. Reister is interested in the application of hypnosis and other forms of suggestive therapy as an adjunct to regular chiropractic treatment.

Since the causative factors of tension result from our social pace, it does not seem probable that tension "causes" will dimin­ish in the foreseeable future. If tension, then, is here to stay and likely to increase, the best we can do is to find the most effective method available for its control and/or its release. As citizens we cannot do less if we are to assure our own self-protection, and as doctors we have a solemn obligation to do the same for our patients.

Chiropractors are not dispensers of drugs. It is alien to our profession and belief. So, to me, drugs have never held the final answer for the patient with aggravated tension problems. I be­came keenly interested in the power of suggestion and suggestive therapy nearly four years ago, after witnessing a most convincing hypnotic demonstration. The subject of this demonstration was a young man so painfully shy that he avoided most social con­tacts. He was enabled through suggestions of the hypnotist to give a relaxed performance before a large group of people— a feat he was certainly incapable of doing before.

During the ensuing months I learned much about the sub­conscious mind, hypnosis, and the ways suggestion can be em­ployed to do many wonderful things. I learned, among other things, how to relax my own mind and body within minutes and drift into a light or deep sleep any time I chose. Getting the feel of self-induced relaxation helped convince me beyond anydoubt that this natural method of relaxation would be of great therapeutic benefit to patients.

Soon I was applying suggestions to varying problems of my patients with excellent results. So good, in fact, were the results that soon I was face to face with a time problem and had to draw the line. My experiences indicated that deep relaxation and suggestive therapy, if they were to be successful, demanded at least thirty minutes' time for each patient. It was obvious that, time-wise, such demands would soon jeopardize my regular practice and I reluctantly restricted my suggestive therapeutic sessions.

About two years later, I was introduced to transitional-sleep tapes. These are therapeutic tape recordings of about a half hour in length, prefaced with hypnotic-type suggestions that lull one to sleep. Also on the tape are therapeutic suggestions of a varying nature made directly to the subconscious mind of the listener while he is quietly relaxed. This obviously was the answer to the time problem, one that I had been waiting for. I hadn't thought of it but it was a good idea. I used a number of these prepared tapes: tension control, smoking control, and health improvement. Occasionally I would make up a special tape, prefacing it with hypnotic patter and adding next thera­peutic suggestions to fit the specific condition I was treating. I even prepared a spare room, where patients could lie down and listen to tapes without being disturbed.

Many patients, particularly those with tension problems, schedule time for hearing a tension tape prior to their regular appointment. Others with weight problems listen to weight-control tapes, and so on. Many people who are tense and nervous also have a problem with obesity. Perhaps the two go together. We found that tension and obesity are much like the chicken and the egg; it is difficult to determine which was responsible for the other. At any rate, the combination has thwarted therapy with any number of patients. On several occasions where over­weight, tense patients required treatment for other conditions, the most desirable progress was made when appetite and tension factors were given prior consideration. With the threshold of tension lowered and weight under better control, other un­pleasant symptoms seem less severe to the patient, making him infinitely more responsive to treatment.

In our office we are relying more and more upon tape-recorded suggestive therapy to do the routine, time-consuming jobs of tension dispersal and weight control. When either or both conditions constitute problems for the patient, we keep a number of different tapes on hand, but the need for tension-control and weight-control tapes exceed all others. Tension tapes are highly efficient and appear to be just as effective in lowering the level of tension as are suggestions made directly by operator or doctor. Patients are enthusiastic, in fact, we have yet to find one who has failed to benefit or one who did not achieve deep relaxation during the first thirty-minute session. Often it may have been the first time the patient has been able to completely relax in a long time, and his enthusiasm is understandable. Sug­gestions made directly to the subconscious gain strength through repetition.  Quite a number of our patients found suggestive therapy so delightful that they have purchased tape recorders and therapy tapes to play at home.

The following cases are typical of what we are accustomed to achieving with suggestion:

Eliz. B. was married when just seventeen. Her first child ar­rived within ten months, and twins eleven months later. When she came to us she was only twenty-one but looked thirty-five. She presented a 190-pound picture of frustration and defeat. Her hands shook and she smoked incessantly. Primarily we were concerned with her weight, since she was highly sensitive about it and felt obesity was her greatest problem. Suggestive therapy was included with her weekly chiropractic treatments. Sugges­tions were given to lower her threshold of tension and to reduce her craving for fattening foods. The first two weeks she lost fourteen pounds, the second two weeks, nine pounds, and the same amount the third two-week period—altogether, thirty-two pounds in six weeks. This was the first weight loss Eliz. had experienced in nearly four years and needless to say she was overjoyed. We continued the suggestions on a twice-a-month basis for the next four months with excellent results. At the end of six months, she was still slightly overweight but continuing to lose slowly. She rarely smoked; she appeared happier, with a bright cheerful smile. All in all a most gratifying accomplish­ment.

Sylvia was an attractive girl, sixteen years old, a junior in high school, but highly emotional and most unhappy. Her parents were kind, simple people and Sylvia's attitude left them be­wildered and miserable. The youngster, it seemed, felt inade­quate due to her humble home and modest circumstances. This concept apparently had grown until she no longer had confi­dence in herself and refused to finish school. Sylvia proved to be an excellent subject for suggestive therapy, and suggestions were repeatedly given to restore confidence in herself. After only two sessions she returned to school. Weekly sessions were continued for several months to fortify further her will power and self-confidence. The desire and need to accomplish and belong   (motivation)   were  also  strengthened  to good effect. Sylvia finished her junior year with higher grades than any previous year due without doubt to transitional sleep sug­gestions.

These are typical cases, of the type that may be found in most doctors' offices today. Without attempting to psychoanalyze, we can do a lot for such patients today. Reduction in tension, the control of weight and other habits, and the strengthening of confidence and will power can be achieved with standard record­ings. I sincerely believe the time is not too far distant when the chiropractor will be dispensing this type of therapy to many of his patients. Personally, I would be lost without it.

MY NOTEBOOK by James K. Coates, Ph.D.
The statement that "you can learn while you sleep" is today a reality, and more and more people are being acquainted with the new modern help available from the application of transi­tional-sleep techniques as applied to educational procedure. It may be a new language, mathematics, personal problems, weight control, tension release, the smoking problem, etc. Regardless of the problem, with proper use of the new proven principles, success will be the reward.

Much is being written on the subjects of positive thinking, auto-suggestion, meditation, etc. All of these endeavors are of value to mankind and are no doubt helping in many instances to bring about better self-understanding and more harmonious living possibilities, enabling the individual to meet his own prob­lems to a much greater degree. But in many cases we find that the book student fails to study and apply the principles. He gets discouraged and needs help from some other source. In answer to this vital question, we can only say that we do know of many happy people who have turned to the study and application of the modern and practical transitional-sleep activities. Better relaxation and sleep improvement are definite values to be ex­pected also.

James K. Coates, Ph.D., holds degrees from the following insti­tutions: American College of Naturopathy, N.D. (Doctor of Naturopathy I and Pht.D. (Doctor of Physical Therapy); Inter­national College of Arts and Sciences, D.N.M. (Doctor of Natur-opathic Medicine); International Academy of Physical Therapy, D.Ph. (Physical Therapy), and Sc.D. (Doctor of Science); and St. Andrews College, Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy), and F.S.A.C. (Fellow).

Here in California, I am informed of another of the sleep-education principles; it is used in one of the county jail systems. From relaxative music plus other suggestive recorded informa­tion, they are obtaining very satisfactory results. People are being handled easier, inmates are being helped to see and under­stand their mistakes, and possibly this will do much, in the long run, to prevent a repetition of their troubles. This writer can see much use of the principles in this field and trusts they will be applied to suit the needs of more and more institutions.

Whether we are doctors, ministers, or just Mr. or Mrs. Public Citizen, whatever our goal or problem, let us study the new transitional-sleep methods, apply them with confidence, and soon we will be closer and closer to our goal. Whether it is better health, harmony, or financial success, the problem can be simplified through transitional sleep. Many of man's ailments today are being traced to their original cause of suppressed and uncontrolled emotions. If our mental-physical activity is bal­anced, we enjoy good health, otherwise, in time, we do great damage to ourselves.

In this writer's opinion, the development of transitional sleep is a great forward step toward the realization of this balance, through its application to health, happiness, and peace of mind.

In the writer's opinion, the foregoing professional comments are timely and well directed and contribute much to lay as well as professional understanding of transitional sleep. The Arts and Science Research Foundation is always pleased to adapt transi­tional-sleep tapes to professional needs, whether for specific therapeutic problems or for purposes of a more general nature. With the continued growth of professional interest, it appears that seminars will ultimately be conducted for proper dissemina­tion of transitional-sleep methods and techniques.

The healing professions are in complete accord on the subject of nervous tension and its dangerous effects. They recognize it as the greatest problem we, as a nation, face today. The phy­sician, the chiropractor, and those in the various branches of psychology  agree that nervous tension contributes greatly to physical illness as well as being the deciding factor regulating convalescence. All too often the physician must prescribe drugs to quiet his patients and induce an artificial calm to minds and bodies before effective treatment can be realized. The endless stream of patients flooding the doctor's offices with tension-induced problems has created a multimillion-dollar tranquilizer empire. Medical men deplore the steadily mounting demand for "happy pill" prescriptions, and the millions who have become slaves to the habit are desperately searching for an escape from the frustrating whirlpool that nervous tension has made of their lives.

Dentists tell us the person who is tense with fear is the most difficult patient to treat. Chiropractors recognize that the in­ability of their patients to relax is one of the serious challenges confronting their profession, for the very nature of chiropractic is based on the restoration of the natural rhythm and harmony of the body and its functions, and taut muscles generated by apprehension and fear often rob the patient of optimum benefits from treatment.

Accumulated tension, fear, and the inability of the patient to relax is an ever-present deterrent to therapeutic treatment. The doctors cannot be blamed for administering drugs to calm patients, for, sad to say, there has been no other effective method available for achieving this purpose. In our accelerated society, time has become the paramount factor. The doctor is busy, the patient is busy, and both have come to rely upon the pill to achieve what nature intended man to do for himself. The human body was not designed to receive dosages of drugs without suffering eventual damaging effects, sooner or later. Tension is a constant threat to health and happiness. No one can attain any measure of relief from his problems, whether they be mental or physical, until he learns to control his tensions and his fear normally through his own efforts.

Therapists throughout the world are aware of the frightening aspects of this problem, and many are employing suggestive therapy to supplement regular therapeutic treatment. A number of chiropractors are now scheduling appointments for their patients to listen to thirty minutes of sleep tapes prior to giving chiropractic treatment. All enthusiastically report their patients are now more relaxed, respond more readily to treatment, and leave their offices with a new feeling of well-being. Several med­ical doctors have rooms where patients can relax and listen to sleep tapes. One prominent doctor frankly stated: "The time may come when medical practitioners will prescribe suggestive ther­apy, via transitional-sleep tapes, to distraught patients instead of sleeping pills and tranquilizers."

A few progressive dentists have employed suggestive therapy to relieve pain and fear of dentistry, but the practice is time consuming and has not met with wide acceptance. Specially designed dental tapes appear to be the answer to this problem.

During the past few years, transitional sleep has come to the attention of thoughtful practitioners here and abroad. Profes­sional interest is growing, for transitional-sleep methods offer the healing professions a vital new therapeutic agent. Doctors, chiropractors, dentists, and therapists specialize in very different fields, yet all agree on the importance of reducing nervous tension.

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